Greece is a country known for its rich cultural heritage, ancient history, and deep-rooted traditions. One of the most vibrant and colorful events of the year is the Greek Carnival, known as Apokries. This pre-Lenten festival is a time of joy, masquerade, feasting, and revelry, bringing people together to celebrate before the solemnity of Orthodox Lent.
Origins and Meaning of Apokries
The word Apokries comes from "apo-kreas," meaning "away from meat," signifying the period leading up to Lent when people traditionally abstain from meat. However, before the fasting begins, Greeks indulge in a grand celebration filled with feasts, music, and elaborate costumes. The festival has ancient roots, linked to Dionysian rituals in honor of the god of wine, merriment, and fertility, Dionysus. These celebrations involved theatrical performances, satire, and uninhibited joy, elements still present in today’s festivities.
When and How is Carnival Celebrated?
The Greek Carnival lasts for three weeks and takes place in the lead-up to Clean Monday (Kathara Deftera), which marks the beginning of Lent. The three weeks are divided into:
- Profoni (Preparation Week) – A time to get into the festive mood and make plans for upcoming celebrations.
- Kreatini (Meat Week) – People enjoy meat-heavy meals and traditional feasts before the fasting period.
- Tyrini (Cheese Week) – The final week before Lent, focusing on dairy-based foods, as meat consumption stops.
One of the most famous days during this period is Tsiknopempti, or "Smoky Thursday," when the air is filled with the aroma of grilled meat as families and friends gather for barbecues.
Famous Carnival Celebrations in Greece
1. Patras Carnival
The largest and most extravagant carnival in Greece takes place in Patras. Featuring massive parades, artistic floats, masquerade balls, and street parties, this celebration attracts thousands of visitors from all over the world. One of its highlights is the Treasure Hunt, where teams participate in fun challenges, and the grand Burning of the King Carnival on the final night marks the end of the festivities.
2. Rethymno Carnival (Crete)
Rethymno hosts one of the most picturesque carnivals in Greece. The city becomes a hub of creative costumes, lively dances, and cultural performances. Locals and tourists alike take part in the grand parade through the Venetian streets, celebrating with music and dance.
3. Xanthi Carnival
The Carnival of Xanthi, in northern Greece, is well-known for its blend of folklore and modern entertainment. A spectacular night parade, traditional dances, and the ceremonial burning of the carnival effigy add to the festive spirit.
4. Naoussa's "Boules and Genitsari"
For a more traditional experience, the town of Naoussa hosts an event called "Boules and Genitsari," where young men dress in elaborate costumes and masks, performing a ritual dance. This celebration has deep historical significance and is connected to Greece's resistance during Ottoman rule.
Customs and Traditions
Greek Carnival is marked by masquerade balls, street parties, and theatrical performances. People of all ages dress up in costumes, often humorous or extravagant, and join in the merriment. Music, dance, and satire play a significant role, allowing people to express themselves freely and break social norms for a short while.
Another highlight is kite flying on Clean Monday, a symbolic act representing the soul’s journey towards purity and the beginning of spiritual cleansing. Families gather outdoors to enjoy Lenten delicacies like lagana bread, taramasalata, olives, and halva while children fly colorful kites in the sky.
Why You Should Experience Greek Carnival
Whether you're drawn to the grandeur of Patras, the folklore of Naoussa, or the lively street parties of Rethymno, experiencing Greek Carnival is an unforgettable adventure. It’s a time of unity, joy, and cultural expression, reflecting the Greek spirit of hospitality and celebration.
If you ever get the chance to visit Greece during Carnival season, put on your best costume, dance in the streets, and immerse yourself in one of the most vibrant festivals in the world!
Have you ever attended a Greek Carnival celebration? Share your experiences in the comments!
